6 Academic Writing
Laer a skrive akademiske tekster med korrekt struktur, kildebruk og sprak.
55 min
5 oppgaver
Academic languageCitationsFormal styleStructure
Din fremgang i kapitlet
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Academic Writing Skills
Akademisk skriving skiller seg fra annen skriving ved a vaere:
- Formell - unnga slang og sammentrekninger
- Objektiv - fokuser pa bevis, ikke folelser
- Presis - vaer spesifikk og klar
- Strukturert - folg etablerte konvensjoner
- Kildestottet - dokumenter hvor informasjon kommer fra
Disse ferdighetene er viktige for videregaende og hoyere utdanning.
Academic Language Features
Avoid (Unnga):
- Contractions: don't -> do not, can't -> cannot
- Slang: "cool," "stuff," "a lot"
- First person (often): "I think" -> "It can be argued"
- Emotional language: "terrible," "amazing"
- Vague words: "things," "nice," "good"
- Contractions: don't -> do not, can't -> cannot
- Slang: "cool," "stuff," "a lot"
- First person (often): "I think" -> "It can be argued"
- Emotional language: "terrible," "amazing"
- Vague words: "things," "nice," "good"
Use (Bruk):
- Formal vocabulary: "however," "therefore," "consequently"
- Precise language: "72%" instead of "most"
- Hedging: "may," "might," "appears to," "suggests"
- Passive voice (sometimes): "The study was conducted..."
- Subject-specific terminology
Hedging phrases:
- It appears that... / It seems likely that...
- The evidence suggests... / This may indicate...
- According to [source]... / Research shows that...
Citing Sources
Why cite sources?
- Give credit to original authors
- Avoid plagiarism
- Allow readers to verify information
- Show breadth of research
- Give credit to original authors
- Avoid plagiarism
- Allow readers to verify information
- Show breadth of research
In-text citations (examples):
- According to Smith (2023), climate change is...
- Research has shown that... (Johnson, 2022).
- "Direct quote here" (Brown, 2021, p. 45).
Paraphrasing vs. Quoting:
- Paraphrase: Put ideas in your own words
- Quote: Use exact words in quotation marks
- Rule: Paraphrase when possible, quote when the exact wording matters
Avoiding plagiarism:
- Always cite your sources
- Use quotation marks for direct quotes
- Paraphrase properly (don't just change a few words)
- Keep track of sources while researching
✏️Eksempel: Fra uformell til formell stil
Gjor om denne uformelle teksten til akademisk stil:
"I think social media is really bad for kids. Lots of people say it makes them sad and stuff. It's pretty obvious that we should do something about it."
Akademisk versjon:
"Social media usage among children and adolescents has been linked to negative mental health outcomes. According to recent research (Twenge, 2019), increased screen time correlates with higher rates of anxiety and depression in young people. These findings suggest that policymakers and educators should consider implementing guidelines for healthy social media use."
Endringer:
- "I think" -> objektiv pastand med kildehenvisning
- "really bad" -> "negative mental health outcomes"
- "Lots of people say" -> "According to recent research"
- "sad and stuff" -> "anxiety and depression"
- "pretty obvious" -> "These findings suggest"
- La til hedging: "correlates," "suggest," "should consider"
📝Oppgave 1
Gjor setningene mer akademiske:
a
"I think this is a really important issue."
b
"Lots of studies show that exercise is good for you."
c
"This stuff is confusing and doesn't make sense."
📝Oppgave 2
Identifiser problemet med disse kildehenvisningene:
a
Global warming is definitely going to destroy the planet.
b
Scientists say that...
c
I read somewhere that coffee is bad for health.
📝Oppgave 3
Parafrasering: Skriv om denne teksten med egne ord uten a endre betydningen:
📝Oppgave 4
Skriv en akademisk innledning (100-150 ord) til et essay om et av disse temaene:
📝Oppgave 5
Skriv et kort akademisk avsnitt (80-100 ord) som inkluderer: